Farmer or landowner, what rules apply to freshwater and effluent?

Farming activities are regulated under the Resource Management Act 1991 through national environmental standards and regulations for freshwater, regional plans and consent conditions. Regional councils control discharges of effluent, requiring resource consents unless the activity is permitted, and take of water for irrigation, often requiring water permits with limits and metering. Rules on stock exclusion from waterways, winter grazing and intensive farming have changed several times in recent years, so check your regional council's current requirements and any national regulations still in force. Keep records of effluent management, nutrient budgets and water use, since councils can inspect and enforce. The regional council can provide a compliance officer or advice, and industry bodies provide guidance. Non-compliance can result in abatement notices, infringement fines or prosecution.